Measure+and+Meaning+of+Maladaptive


 * Measures of Maladaption**


 * **Author** || **Definitions** || **Study Sample/Purpose** || **Findings** ||
 * Svanborg et al (1999) || Indicates no common definition of maladaption; commonalities among psychiatric outpatients is a starting point for across the board clarification || 94 psychiatric outpatient subjects (age 19-76) given Karolinska Scales of personality test; sought clusters of deviant traits || Of the four factors measured by the KSP, Interpersonal Aversiveness was the only domain that had consistently highly deviant measures across the range of psychiatric patients. ||
 * Rubin et al. (1995) || Delinquency and dysfunction in social competencies || Longitudinal study; 60 2nd graders given sociometric evaluations of peers and measures of general self-worth, as well as measured through observation and teacher rating. Same students reassessed in grade 9 || Childhood social withdrawal and aggression is a predictor for later social dysfunction, including withdrawal, delinquency, loneliness, negative self-image, and substance abuse. ||
 * Smyth et al. (1994) || Psychological destruction leading to self-destruction, specifically suicide || 33 male prisoners serving at least 3 year sentences who had engaged parasuicide during the first year of sentence; assessed using multiple depression, suicide behavior, and suicide ideational inventories || Prisoners ideational and behavioral patterns moved away from suicide after the first year; continued distress among many prisoners; differentiated adaptation to imprisonment among subjects ||